Cylindrical cutter



(No Model.)

W. EVANS.

UYLINDRICAL CUTTER.

No. 451,118. I .PatentedApr. 28,1891,

WITNESSES: INVENTOR A TTOR/VEV UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM EVANS, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENN SYLVANIA.

CYLINDRICAL CUTTER.

SPEGIFIGATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 451,118, dated April28, 1891.

Application filed April 24, 1890. Serial No. 349,267. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM EVANS, a citizen of the United States,residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia andState of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Cylindrical Cutters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in cylindrical cutters providedwith a series of spiral knives or blades, whereof each knife or bladeextends in a reverse direction from a straight or slightly-curvedintermediate portion toward the respective ends of the cylinder, so asto cause the cylinder to work from the middle portions thereof outward.It is well known that the best results have been obtained in practice bythe employment of cylindrical cutters provided with a series of spiralblades or knives, whereof each blade or knife is arranged in reversedirections from a slightly-curved or straight portion and extends towardthe respective ends of the cylinder.

Heretofore it has been customary to manufacture such cylindrical cuttersby making a core or cylindrical blank provided with a series of shortstraight or slightly-curved axial grooves communicating with spiralgrooves winding in opposite directions away from said axial groovestoward the ends of the cylinder, and then fitting and \vedging theseries of knives or blades to place in said grooves. However, theoperations of casting the cylinder and of cutting and finishing thegrooves were not only tedious, but also costly, first, on account of thedifficulty encountered in removing the castings from the mold, and,second, on account of the difficulty presented in finishing the grooves,more especially'at and near the junction of the axially disposedstraight or slightly-curved grooves and the inversely-arranged spiralgrooves. In practice such cutters were exceedingly expensive and theiremployment was in many cases precluded by their excessive cost.

The principal object of my present invention is to obviate theabove-mentioned difficulties and to provide a comparatively-light, yetstrong and durable, cutting appliance, and onewhich may be readily,rapidly, and cheaply made and finished by means of machine-tools,

thereby appreciably decreasing the cost of the same.

v In my invention the core of the cylinder is made in two or moresections, each having the grooves thereon arranged spirally and in thesame direction throughout its length, so that the core may be readilywithdrawn from the mold and easily finished by means of machinetools.Moreover, the straight or reverselycurved and axially-disposed portionsof the grooves are located at one of the extremities of each of saidsections, so that they can be readily cast and finished. These sectionsare in use placed together end to end, with the straight orslightly-curved portions of the grooves, in proximity to each other andwith the spiral grooves winding in reverse directions toward the endsthereof and attached together in any suitable manner.

The particular characteristic features of my invention will be morefully understood from the following description, taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which-Figure l is a longitudinal central section of a cylindrical cutter withthe knives or cutters removed, showing a core composed of two sectionsand showing means for connecting the same together; and Fig. 2 is a topor plan view of a cylindrical cutter embodying features of my invention,showing a core comprising two sections, each having a series of axiallyand spirally arranged peripheral grooves and also showing said sectionsplaced end to end with the axial and spiral grooves in communication andwith continuous spiral knives or blades fitted into said grooves.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a cylindrical core composed ofas many hollow sections a and a as there are reversals of the directionof the spiral knives or blades B. Each of these sections a and a ispreferably provided with end flanges or heads a and with a shaft-openinga In the periphery of the sections at or near one extremity thereof areformed axially-disposed straight or slightly-curved grooves.(Represented in Fig. 2 between the center and dotted lines.

a are peripheral spiral grooves communicating with the straight orslightly-curved axial grooves and disposed in reverse directions on eachof the sections-=that is, lefthanded on section a and right-handed onsection a. Each of these continuous straight or slightlycurved axialgrooves and spiral grooves serve for the reception of the continuousknives or blades B, which are formed so as to run from a slightly-curvedportion thereof (see center line, Fig. 2) in different or reversedirectionstoward therespectiveextremities of the cylinder.

0 represents the shafts, onto which the hollow sections a and a of thecylinder are mounted. This shaft 0, passing through the sectionalcylinder, is preferably provided with collars or bearings c, c, and 0 Inthe cylin der-section heads a are formed ways or seats for the insertionof keys d, to secure the sections a and a to said shaft 0, and so as tobe adapted to freely rotate therewith. The outer collars c and c of theshaft 0 are preferably screw-threaded to receive nuts f, which arefitted snugly up against the outer heads a of the sections to preventlongitudinal or other movement of the same on the shaft 0.

Having; thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A cylindrical cutter comprising a core having axially-disposedperipheral grooves and circumferential spiral grooves arranged inreverse directions and composed of a series of sections placed end toend, and each section having axially-disposed peripheral grooves at oneextremity thereof and spirally-disposed circumferential grooves windingin one direction therefrom, a series of continuous spiral knives orcutters arranged in right and left directions from a straight or curvedportion and fitted into said axial and spiral grooves, and means forunitingsaid sections,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testim ony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WVILLIAM EVANS.

WVitnesses: v

FRANK H. MASSEY, S. J. VAN SIAVOREN.

